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What does a typical life-cycle assessment (LCA) analyze?

  1. The financial cost of production

  2. The environmental impacts throughout a product's life

  3. The market demand for a product

  4. The aesthetic value of a product

The correct answer is: The environmental impacts throughout a product's life

A typical life-cycle assessment (LCA) focuses on evaluating the environmental impacts associated with all stages of a product's life, from cradle to grave. This comprehensive approach considers various phases including raw material extraction, manufacturing, distribution, use, and disposal. By analyzing these stages, an LCA helps identify areas where improvements can be made to reduce the product's overall environmental footprint. This approach is crucial for sustainable decision-making, as it provides a holistic view of the environmental implications of products, facilitating better designs and practices that minimize negative impacts. While evaluating aspects like financial costs, market demand, or aesthetic value can be important in different contexts, they do not encompass the primary aim of an LCA, which is focused exclusively on environmental implications.